Financial Planning
5 min read

Tax-Advantaged Accounts Explained

HSAs, FSAs, and other tax-smart savings vehicles


Maximizing Tax-Advantaged Accounts


Understanding tax-advantaged accounts can save you thousands annually and accelerate wealth building.


Health Savings Account (HSA)


The triple tax advantage:

  • Contributions are tax-deductible
  • Growth is tax-free
  • Qualified withdrawals are tax-free

  • **2024 Limits:** $4,150 (individual) / $8,300 (family)


    **Strategy:** Pay medical expenses out-of-pocket now, let HSA grow, reimburse yourself tax-free in retirement.


    **Requirement:** Must have high-deductible health plan


    Flexible Spending Account (FSA)


    Use it or lose it:

  • Pre-tax contributions for medical/dependent care
  • Must use by year-end (or grace period)
  • Doesn't roll over (mostly)

  • **Best for:** Predictable annual medical expenses


    529 Education Savings Plan


    Tax-free growth for education:

  • State tax deduction in many states
  • Tax-free withdrawals for qualified education
  • Can transfer between family members

  • **Best for:** Saving for children's education


    Comparison Table


    | Account | Tax on Contribution | Tax on Growth | Tax on Withdrawal |

    |---------|--------------------:|:-------------:|:-----------------:|

    | Traditional 401k/IRA | Deductible | Deferred | Taxed |

    | Roth 401k/IRA | Taxed | None | None |

    | HSA | Deductible | None | None* |

    | 529 | Varies by state | None | None* |


    *For qualified expenses


    Priority for Tax Optimization


  • Get full employer 401(k) match
  • Max out HSA if eligible
  • Choose between Roth/Traditional based on tax situation
  • Consider 529 for education goals
  • Use FSA for known expenses

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